Batteries
Torso battery packs (typically 1-3 kWh Li-ion) that set runtime and weight.
Data updated
Why it matters
Humanoids carry Li-ion packs in the torso, and some (UBTECH Walker S2) swap their own batteries for 24/7 operation. High-rate cells are needed for peak joint power.
Why it is a bottleneck. Runtime and charge time limit shift coverage: Figure's F.03 pack is 2.3 kWh for about 5 hours at peak performance (company), while Agility's Digit 5 runs 90 minutes and charges in 9 minutes (company). Cell makers' interest is growing: Korean press reports LG Energy Solution has robot-battery contracts with Tesla, Boston Dynamics and Figure, unconfirmed.
Cost. BofA 2030 BOM: energy system ~4%.
Suppliers 6 Limited data: Few public sources for this category's figures. Supplier details are cited on each card.
Limited data. Pack capacity and runtime come from the two company posts cited; other makers do not publish them.
- CATLLi-ion cells/packs for robots
- Delta ElectronicsBattery chargers and charging systems for robots and AGVs (MOOV series)
- EVE EnergyG26P fast-charge and G26Q high-energy cylindrical cells for robots
- LG Energy SolutionCylindrical cells for robots
- Molicel (E-One Moli Energy)High-power 21700 cylindrical Li-ion cells
- PowerLogicsBattery packs and battery protection circuits; camera modules
Sources for this category
- First heavy-duty humanoid robot powered by CATL batteries goes live in CATL factory (CATL) (Jun 24, 2026)
- Battery manufacturers show little interest in the humanoid robot market (36Kr) (approx. Sep 1, 2025)
- The loop is closed: robots building batteries for robots (Gasgoo) (Mar 13, 2026)
- Physical AI, part 2: Humanoid robots (Bank of America Institute) (Mar 12, 2026)
- F.03 battery development (Figure AI) (Jul 17, 2025)
- Agility unveils Digit 5 (Agility Robotics) (Sep 15, 2026)
- LG Energy wins battery supply deals with top humanoid robot makers (KED Global) (Jul 2, 2026)